Modified dykstra parsons method dykstra parsons method felsenthal, cobb, and heuer 1962 extend the work of dykstra and parsons to account for the presence of initial gas saturation at the start of flood. Figure 1454 shows the proposed graphical charts for the four selected wors. Calculate the waterflood performance with time, using two approaches based on the original work of dykstraparsons, which also relates oil recovery and. Calculate dykstra parsons and lorenz heterogeneity coefficients. Dykstra parsons theory, governing the recovery of oil by water flood, has been well documented ref 1, 2, 3. The dykstraparsons method dykstra and parsons 1950 is used to predict the performance of waterflooding in noncommunicating stratified reservoirs.
Pilot and field dykstra parsons coefficient information a box and violin. Herd department of petroleum engineering texas tech university presented at the 17 th. Order the n layers in the sequence in which they will successively flood out with water, by applying the following velocity equation. The different techniques used for surveillance and performance monitoring of waterflood projects to optimize oil recovery, will be discussed, including. A history of past waterflood operations in the permian basin marshall c. Inspect the core and log data and divide the section into a total of n separate layers. During this course, participants will also learn about the process of immiscible displacement in a reservoir along with the waterflood pattern options and its effects on the selection and orientation of flood performance. Type curves relating well spacing and heterogeneity to oil. The first coefficient in the dykstra parsons tab is calculated from the average and standard deviation, whereas the second coefficient is calculated from interpolated values of p50 and p84. To characterize heterogeneity, dykstra parsons 16 proposed a method that estimates a permeability variation coefficient v using the following equation. Regardless of the permeability variation and the correlation structure, the use of vertical wells in a fivespot pattern was found to be the. Firstly, this paper summarises dykstraparsons theory alongside an automated method of tuning reservoir layer properties to prechemical water flood performance. The effect of heterogeneity and well configuration on the.
Introduction the oil and gas journals enhanced oil recovery eor survey for 2014 koottungal, 2014 showed that gas injection is the most frequently applied method of eor in the united states and that carbon dioxide co 2. In the hearndykstraparsons method, the layers are first sorted. More than fifty years on, however, dykstra parsons remains an efficient yet rigorous method of modelling both water. This selection depends on a random seed number which is an input to the model. The effect of heterogeneity and well configuration on the performance of hot water flood. Fluid properties and relative permeability data were obtained from correlations figures 52 to 55. Prophet to estimate recovery factors for carbon dioxide enhanced oil recovery by emil d.
Survey and data analysis of polymer flooding pilot and field applications in china by yandong zhang a thesis presented to the faculty of the graduate school of the. The wfpoly flood was a success recovering 37% ooip the polymer type flood at the big mac unit recovered an estimated incremental oil of 14% ooip earlier than expected water breakthrough dictated the continued used of cdgs likely underestimated dykstra parsons factor in original sram results. Survey and data analysis of polymer flooding pilot and field. The dykstraparsons method is the general approach to calculating vertical sweep efficiency in reservoirs with no vertical pressure communication between layers, since it is appropriate for all values of the mobility ratio. The modification of the dykstraparsons method for inclined. Dykstra and parsons have published charts for determining the vertical sweep efficiency v d or conformance from the mobility ratio and the permeability variation, as shown for wor 5 and 0. Waterflooding is still the recovery process responsible for most of. This dykstraandparsons method takes into account initial fluid saturations, mobility ratios, producing wors, and fractional oil recoveries. Dykstraparsons water flood theory adapted to chemical flood. Methods of determining both layer permeability and oilphase relative permeability endpoints, from watercut. Five spot water flood of a partially depleted stratified reservoir full record. Need for waterflood patterns and selection criteria. We determined generalized correlations to determine the beginning, end, slope, and intercept of this line as a function of rock and fluid properties, such as endpoints of relative permeability curves, connate water saturation, residual oil saturation, mobility ratio, and the dykstra parsons coefficient. The dykstraparsons procedure is as follows petroleum solutions.
The terms primary oil recovery, secondary oil recovery, and tertiary enhanced oil recovery are traditionally used to describe hydrocarbons recovered according to the method of production or the time at which they are obtained. This theory is versatile but underutilised since the advent and. A method for predicting waterflood oil recovery was reported by h. Polymer flooding in the minnelusa university of wyoming. Waterflooding is the most successful and widely used enhanced oil recovery process. Waterflooding is a process used to inject water into an oilbearing reservoir for. Pilot and field water cut before polymer flooding information a box and. Five spot water flood of a partially depleted stratified reservoir. Dykstra and parsons developed a method that is based on. The value of this uniformity coefficient ranges between 0. Given the diverse nature of data collected at a typical mine site, kisters software can become the ideal working data management tool. Survey and data analysis of polymer flooding pilot. This technique of calculating the extended dykstra and parsons method is presented below. The dykstra parsons method is the general approach to calculating vertical sweep efficiency in reservoirs with no vertical pressure communication between layers, since it is appropriate for all values of the mobility ratio.
The dykstraparsons method for prediction of oil recovery by water flooding is a well known technique which has been used by the petroleum industry since 1945. Dykstra parsons theory is employed to accomplish the following at each time. The present work carries their study further, solving the same problem of calculating coverage for certain. Waterflooding performance of communicating stratified reservoirs. Prediction of waterflood performance dykstra parsons method. Estimate recovery factors for carbon dioxide enhanced oil recovery by emil d. It is now generally known as the dykstra parsons method and is widely used by. The present work carries their study further, solving the same problem of calculating coverage for certain values of permeability variation having wateroilratio and mobility ratio as fixed parameters.
Paper spe 97645 presented at the spe international improved oil recovery conference in asiapacific, kuala lumpur, malaysia, 56. Oilbank and surfactant breakthrough and project life are determined from fractional flow theory. See other hse courses see other courses from aztech. Dykstra and parsons developed a method that is based on routinecoreanalysis data. It is now generally known as the dykstra parsons method and is widely used by petroleum engineers. Assuming a constant water injection rate iw, the method is summarized in the following steps. There are two kinds of injection programs to be compared with.
Much interest has been shown recently in the application of the method to chemical flooding, particularly for the. Dykstra and parsons 1950 introduced the concept of the coefficient permeability variation v, which is designed to describe the degree of heterogeneity within the reservoir. Dykstra parsons water flood theory adapted to chemical flood modeling. From the relative permeability data and oil and water viscosities, calculate the fractional flow relationship from the following. Calculate the waterflood performance with time for a fivespot pattern, using the. Hydstra water, air and energy data management software. Five spot water flood of a partially depleted stratified reservoir computer prediction of water drive of oil and gas mixtures through irregularly bounded porous media. The hot water flood showed an increase in oil recovery. This technique of calculating the extended dykstra and. Prediction of oil recovery by waterflood a simplified. The distance between the injector and producing lines was kept at 820 ft 250 m. Waterflood recovery and factors influencing recovery.
A kovaltype factor, based on the dykstra parsons 1950 coefficient, is used to account for the effects of reservoir heterogeneity on surfactant and oil bank velocities. The permeability variation was taken into account by use of v, as defined in eq. Such models also are available from commercial software providers to the oil industry. The properties of the base case with dykstra parsons permeability variation factor, v0. Computer prediction of water drive of oil and gas mixtures through irregularly bounded porous media. In the analysis and evaluation of oil reservoirs it is often necessary to estimate the ultimate recovery that can be obtained through the use of a water flood. Dykstraparsons water flood theory adapted to chemical. Using polymers to improve co 2 flooding in the north burbank unit w. A recent search of the spe elibrary using keyword waterflood identified. A study of dykstraparsons curves technical report osti.
Using polymers to improve co2 flooding in the north. A history of past waterflood operations in the permian basin. Regardless of the permeability variation and the correlation structure, the use of vertical wells in a fivespot pattern was found to be the most suitable well configuration to develop this reservoir. Over the years, several waterflood prediction methods have been proposed and. There are many different waterflood patterns used in the industry, the most. Much interest has been shown recently in the application of the method to chemical flooding, particularly for the case of polymer injection used for mobility control. Analytical model of waterflood sweep efficiency in. For this purpose, any of the many commercially available softwares can be used. This course will cover waterflooding and the distribution of immiscible fluids in a reservoir. In that approach, the routinecoreanalysis permeability data for the pay intervals are arranged in descending order, and the percent of the total number of values that exceeds each entry is calculated. Heterogeneity coefficients petroleum solutions, inc. Using dykstra parsons methods to evaluate stratified reservoirs. Waterdrive is a collection of classical waterdrive calculations and routines. Results show that the performance of hot water injection is strongly affected by the degree and structure of reservoir heterogeneity.
Prediction of waterflood performance dykstra parsons. Assuming a constant water injection rate iw, the method is. Generalized correlations to estimate oil recovery and pore. For high permeability model which has dykstra parsons coefficient dp as 0. From a national or regional prospective, the aggregate. Dykstra and parsons 1950 introduced the concept of the coefficient. Calculate dykstraparsons and lorenz heterogeneity coefficients. Dykstra parsons coefficient, lorentz coefficient, effect of cross flow, vertical sweep efficiency need for waterflood patterns and selection criteria a lot of case studies and exercises day 2 the day is dedicated to examining the analytic techniques available to evaluate waterflood operations. The pattern efficiency is a function of the previously defined mobility ratio, the flood pattern, and given water cut. The various steps of waterflood implementation include cursory screening of candidate fields, scheme planning, project design including pilot design, and the estimation of the. Prediction of waterflood performance dykstra parsons method continued from petroleum pe432 at kuwait university. Prediction of recovery efficiency, using dykstra and parsons, stiles, and other empirical techniques class problems addon schemes including, polymer and gas injection case study illustration of friendlyuser reservoir modelingsimulation to predict performance of waterflood projects.
Introduction a method for predicting waterflood oil recovery was reported by h. Johnson 1956 developed a simplified graphical approach for the dykstra and parsons method that is based on predicting the overall oil recovery r at water oil ratios of 1, 5, 25, and 100 bblbbl. This theory is versatile but underutilised since the advent and proliferation of finitedifference reservoir simulation. Hot water flood was carried out after the conventional water flood was well past its economic limit.
Using co2 prophet to estimate recovery factors for carbon. Study of waterflooding process in naturally fractured reservoirs from static and dynamic imbibition experiments air bath. It has an extensive history of activity, including primary depletion, produced gas cycling, and water. Vertical permeability variation, areal permeability variation, detection of stratification, selection of layers, dykstra parsons coefficient, lorentz coefficient, effect of cross flow, vertical sweep efficiency. Introduction dykstraparsons theory, governing the recovery of oil by water flood, has been well documented ref 1, 2, 3. Calculate the waterflood performance with time, using two approaches based on the original work of dykstra parsons, which also relates oil recovery and producing wor to cumulative injected water. By applying the buckleyleverett displacement mechanism, a theoretical relationship is deduced to describe dynamic changes of the front of water injection, water saturation of producing well, and swept volume during waterflooding under the condition of.
Likewise, selecting the dykstra parsons tab display the dykstra parsons chart and calculated coefficients. The parameters to consider when screening candidates for polymer flooding are lithology, wettability, current oil saturation, porosity type, gas cap, aquifer, salinityhardness, dykstra. Introduction dykstra parsons theory, governing the recovery of oil by water flood, has been well documented ref 1, 2, 3. Prediction of oil recovery by water flood a simplified graphical treatment of the dykstra parsons method. A rapid, approximate method for doing this was presented by dykstra and parsons in 1948.
Survey and data analysis of polymer flooding pilot and. Supplementary program is required to implement fractional flow theory. Pseudorelative permeabilities for water and oil, respectively, are defined. An analytical model has been developed for quantitative evaluation of vertical sweep efficiency based on heterogeneous multilayer reservoirs.
Methods of determining both layer permeability and oilphase relative permeability endpoints, from watercut development, are presented. Dykstra parsons relative layer water flood penetration distance versus time. In these cases, a water injection program will have only a minor. Computer prediction of water drive of oil and gas mixtures. Analytical model of waterflood sweep efficiency in vertical. A simplified method for water coning predictions conference. The main objective of the pilot was to obtain technical information and operating experience in a reservoir containing oil with 600 cp. Prediction of oil recovery by waterflood a simplified graphical. Two more wells were added longitudinally each time by infill drilling, reducing well spacing between like wells injector to injector and producer to producer. It therefore caters for velocity dispersion of the flood front between the individual layers. The waterfloodings performance and its production forecast are routinely evaluated by the use of fractional flow modelling, such as buckleyleverett bl method, welge method, dykstra parsons. The method of dykstraparsons, originally developed to model water flood performance, has been adapted to screen reservoirs for their chemical polymer flood suitability.
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